There were no differences with respect to percentage of nonresponse items or response time, but the cost of prenotification group was HK$ 15.11 per response higher than direct mailing group.
Conclusion: Prenotification had no additional effect on the response rate and other survey quality compared with direct questionnaire mailing in a Hong Kong population.
(C) 2013 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.”
“Background: Health professionals are key actors in environmental health. Taking on this role requires a certain degree of competence. That is the reason why education in environmental health of health care professionals became a major concern at international level, notably at WHO level. However. in the European Union only the individual Member States are responsible for organizing education and no official body seems to have started outlining recommendations on how to set WH-4-023 inhibitor up this kind of training.
Objectives: We set out to draw up some propositions www.selleckchem.com/products/gw3965.html for training in environmental
health on the basis of the practice of educational institutions involved in training health care professionals.
Methods: A survey was conducted in 934 educational institutions involved in training health care professionals in 11 European countries and in Canada.
Results: Our data reveal that, whereas there are many establishments – nearly half of those that replied engaged in educating health care professionals in environmental health, they do so in MI-503 purchase a great variety of ways, whether in terms of objectives, content, the number of teaching hours, or their target groups. Moreover, there is only limited evaluation of this training, which makes the question of recognition a very difficult one.
Conclusions: Numerous difficulties have been raised in relation
to education in environmental health, both by trainers and trainees. Some solutions to these difficulties are suggested but the need of official guidelines keeps going. (C) 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.”
“Confusion exists about when to start toilet training, which causes stress and anxiety. Another consequence can be the actual postponement of the toilet training process, which has created extra social problems. Therefore, in this review we will focus on the proper moment to start toilet training, more specific on readiness signs. This will clarify on which topics further research is necessary. We searched databases for publications on toilet training. Next, we gathered information about the normal development of healthy children and at which age skills needed for each readiness sign are acquired. Twenty-one readiness signs were found. Our results show that there is no consensus on which or how many readiness signs to use. Depending on the readiness sign, the moment to start toilet training can vary a lot. More studies are needed to define which readiness signs are most important and how to detect them easily. Neurourol. Urodynam. 31:437440, 2012.