The swelling measurements revealed that the semi-IPN shows volume phase transition behaviors. The semi-IPN was therefore fabricated into microporous membranes and its volume phase transition property was employed to endow the membrane with temperature-sensitive breathability. The water vapor permeability of the membranes Bucladesine chemical structure was measured and found to be significantly dependent on the temperature, which was enhanced remarkably when the temperature went up. (C) 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2012″
“Radon/Thoron/Exhalation rate/Simultaneous measurements/UNSCEAR equation. We simultaneously measured radon and thoron exhalation
rates in areas of weathered acid rocks in Japan to investigate the relationship between them and between measured and calculated radon exhalation rates. To calculate the radon exhalation rate, we used an equation proposed by UNSCEAR. Our analysis showed that both the ACY-738 radon and thoron exhalation rates measured at one location in a natural environment fluctuated widely, even within one day. We found a strong correlation between the radon and thoron exhalation rates. The measured radon exhalation rates
tended to be lower than the calculated values: the mean ratio of the measured exhalation rate to the calculated rate was 0.65. We concluded that the UNSCEAR equation is applicable under a controlled environment (temperature, humidity, etc.), but not where there are artificial underground structures that may influence the transportation of radon in soil.”
“Background: Contingency management (CM) has not been thoroughly evaluated as a treatment for
alcohol abuse or dependence, in part because verification of alcohol use reduction requires frequent in-person breath tests. Transdermal alcohol sensors detect alcohol regularly throughout the day, providing remote monitoring and allowing for rapid reinforcement of reductions in use.
Methods: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of CM for reduction in alcohol use, using a transdermal alcohol sensor to provide a continuous measure of alcohol use. Participants were 13 heavy drinking adults who wore the Secure Continuous Remote Alcohol Monitoring (SCRAM) bracelet for three weeks and provided selleck compound reports of alcohol and drug use using daily web-based surveys. In Week 1, participants were asked to drink as usual; in Weeks 2 and 3, they were reinforced on an escalating schedule with values ranging from $5 to $17 per day on days when alcohol use was not reported or detected by the SCRAM.
Results: Self-reports of percent days abstinent and drinks per week, and transdermal measures of average and peak transdermal alcohol concentration and area under the curve declined significantly in Weeks 2-3. A nonsignificant but large effect size for reduction in days of tobacco use also was found. An adjustment to the SCRAM criteria for detecting alcohol use provided an accurate but less conservative method for use with non-mandated clients.