It also addresses the evolving differential diagnosis for CNS vasculitis. Our improved understanding of these disorders allows a tailored diagnostic approach leading PD173074 mw to rapid diagnosis and initiation of therapy in these potentially reversible conditions.”
“Objective: Our objective is to understand the biological and mechanical pathways linking cartilage, bone, and marrow changes in the
progression of osteoarthritis (OA). The aim of the present study was to evaluate bone structure and composition within bone marrow edema-like lesion (BMEL) regions associated with knee OA.
Methods: Tibial plateau specimens (n = 18) were collected from 10 subjects with knee OA during total knee arthroplasty (TKA). Magnetic resonance (MR) imaging was used to identify BMEL and quantify metrics of cartilage composition. Micro-computed tomography (mu CT) and high-resolution peripheral quantitative computed tomography (HR-pQCT) were used to quantify density and microstructure of the subchondral trabecular bone. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy was used to quantify tissue composition.
Results:
Trabecular bone within BMEL was higher in volume fraction, this website with more and thicker trabeculae that were more plate-like in structure compared to unaffected regions. BMEL trabecular tissue composition had decreased phosphate and carbonate content. Marrow infiltration by a fibrous collagen network and evidence of increased bone remodeling were present. Structural and compositional
changes were specifically localized to regions underlying cartilage degradation.
Conclusion: These results support the paradigm of focal interactions among bone, marrow, and cartilage in the progression of knee OA. Quantitative evaluation of tissue changes and interactions may aid in the understanding of disease pathophysiology and provide imaging markers for disease progression. (C) 2012 Osteoarthritis Research Society International. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.”
“Purpose of review
To provide an update on Y-27632 in vivo recent advances in the genetic susceptibility, pathogenesis and treatment of Henoch-Schonlein purpura.
Recent findings
Recent work has advanced our understanding of the genetic susceptibility and pathogenesis of Henoch-Schonlein purpura, but there are still significant gaps in our knowledge. Information concerning the most effective treatment of Henoch-Schonlein purpura has begun to emerge. Corticosteroid therapy reduces the duration and severity of abdominal and joint pain, but corticosteroids do not prevent the development of nephritis, or alter the natural history of Henoch-Schonlein purpura. The most effective treatment for severe nephritis remains unclear despite multiple, mostly retrospective reports investigating a variety of drugs.