During pulmonary procedures in patients with LVADs, special attention should be paid

to hemodynamics because lung resection surgery requires a lateral decubitus position, single-lung ventilation and postoperative decrease in the pulmonary vascular bed, all of which may lead to inadequate preload to the LVAD. We present a case of lower lobectomy of the left lung for an adenocarcinoma found in a patient with an implantable continuous-flow LVAD. (c) 2011 Published by European Association for Cardio-Thoracic Surgery. All rights reserved.”
“Background: We studied the association of causes and stroke outcome of stroke in the E7080 young in Thailand. Methods: A retrospective study was performed at Srinagarind Hospital, Khon Kaen University, Thailand. All patients under 45 years of age who were diagnosed with stroke between 1996 and 2010 and who had complete workups for causes of stroke in the young were enrolled. Stroke outcome was defined as favorable or nonfavorable at approximately 1 year of follow-up. If the patient had normal functional ability or mild disability but the patient was fully employed, the outcome was classified as favorable. Clinical features of strokes and the potential stroke risk factors were compared between the favorable and nonfavorable groups. Results: Eighty-five patients selleck screening library were enrolled. About half of patients were male selleckchem (47 patients; 55.3%). The

mean age (SD) was 35.9 (6.2) years. Three-fourths of male patients had a stroke after 30 years of age, while female patients developed stroke in all age ranges equally. More than half of patients (45 patients; 52.9%) had cardiac causes of stroke. Rheumatic mitral stenosis accounted for 68% (31 patients), and 45% (14 patients) had atrial fibrillation. There were 64 patients (79%) who had a favorable outcome. Cardiac causes, particularly mitral stenosis and alcohol intake, were significantly associated with a nonfavorable outcome. Conclusions: Stroke in the young generally has a favorable outcome. Factors associated with a nonfavorable outcome of stroke in the young were cardiac abnormalities

and alcohol intake. A prospective study to evaluate the association of causes and outcome is needed.”
“Background: The effect of intramedullary reaming on diaphyseal tibial defects has not been examined in the literature. The present aim was to relate the extent of reaming to angiogenesis and bone formation occurring around a critical-sized defect in the tibia for two scenarios, namely, when the bone defect is left empty and when the bone defect is treated with autograft.

Methods: Eleven canines were allocated into two groups, namely, empty (n = 5) or iliac crest autograft (n = 6). All tibiae were reamed to 7.0 mm and fixed with a 6.5-mm statically locked intramedullary nail after creation of an 8.0-mm diaphyseal defect.