Different methods, developed to score synovitis activity, are increasingly used in clinical trials. The main application of PET/CT in rheumatology is the diagnosis and follow-up of large vessel vasculitis. More recently, also RA disease activity has been evaluated, allowing a panoramic view of the patient. Molecular imaging studies molecular and cellular processes in intact living organisms in a non-invasive fashion. In fluorescence, dyes, that emit light upon excitation by a light

source and are read by a camera, can be used to show inflamed areas where neoangiogenesis, vasodilatation, and increased vessel permeability are present. These dyes can find more be coupled with different compounds including antibodies and drugs.”
“To evaluate gestational and neonatal outcomes in pregnancies complicated by fetal hydrocephalus.

Retrospective analysis of 287 cases of fetal hydrocephalus followed at the Fetal Medicine Unit of the University of Campinas in the period of 1996 to 2006.

Mean maternal age was 25 years, mean gestational age at diagnosis was 27 weeks. There were 50 cases of isolated ventriculomegaly, 95 cases of Chiari II malformation and 142 cases of ventriculomegaly associated with other malformations. Preterm

delivery and vaginal delivery were more frequent GDC-0973 in the group of ventriculomegaly associated with other malformations. Cardiac, skeletal and renal malformations were the most common associated malformations. Cesarean section was common (95%) in the Chiari II group. Fetal and neonatal death occurred more frequently (29 and 68%, respectively)

in the group of ventriculomegaly associated with other malformations. Chromosomal anomalies were present in 15% of 165 investigated cases.

Fetal and neonatal prognosis and outcome are associated with the presence of associated anomalies and aneuploidy.”
“We investigate the effect of various amounts of Ag and Cu solute atoms on the self-diffusivity of Sn in the (101) symmetric tilt beta Sn grain boundary. Using molecular dynamics simulations over a temperature range of 300 K to 450 K, we show that both Ag and Cu decrease the grain BAY 73-4506 nmr boundary self-diffusivity of Sn as the amount of solute in the interface increases. Additionally, the presence of Ag at the grain boundary interface causes a greater reduction in the self-diffusivity of Sn when compared to Cu. We also analyze the solute effect on the diffusive width of the interface and find that low concentrations of both Ag and Cu shrink the width relative to the pure beta Sn interface. However, adding Cu in excess density greater than 5 x 10(-3) atoms/angstrom(2) causes the interface to expand to values almost twice the original width, possibly caused by the larger cohesive energy of Cu-Sn versus Sn-Sn. (C) 2011 American Institute of Physics. [doi:10.1063/1.